Project 3_ Carly

 

• Seidl, R., Thom, D., Kautz, M., Martin-Benito, D., Peltoniemi, M., Vacchiano, G., Wild, J., Ascoli, D., Petr, M., Honkaniemi, J., Lexer, M. J., Trotsiuk, V., Mairota, P., Svoboda, M., Fabrika, M., Nagel, T. A., & Reyer, C. P. O. (2017). Forest disturbances under climate change. Nature Climate Change, 7(6), 395-402. https://doi.org/10.1038/NCLIMATE3303

song: lose you to love me, Selena Gomez

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9qGWcDG3Po&t=5362s

Forest disturbances are sensitive to climate.Natural disturbances, such as fires, insect outbreaks and windthrows, are an integral part of ecosystem dynamics in forests around the globe.Disturbances disrupt the structure, composition and function of an ecosystem, community or population, and change resource availability or the physical environment3.We reviewed the disturbance literature published from 1990 onwards, applying a consistent analysis framework over a diverse set of major forest disturbance agents, including four abiotic (fire, drought, wind, as well as snow and ice) and two biotic agents (insects and pathogens).We tested the hypothesis that climate change will considerably increase forest disturbance activity at the global scale, and specifically that positive, amplifying effects of climate change on disturbances dominate negative, dampening effects.we focused on events of severe water limitation that affect ecosystem structure and functioning, and thus fall under the definition of ecological disturbance.Direct effects were defined as the unmediated impacts of climate variables on disturbance processes. Examples included changes in the frequency or severity of wind events and drought periods, changes in lightning activity or climate-mediated changes in the metabolic rates of pests and pathogens. Indirect effects were defined as changes in the disturbance regime through climate effects on vegetation and other ecosystem processes not directly related to disturbances.

pathways of climate issues 

More than half of the observations reported in the literature related to direct climate effects (57.1%), which were the most prominent pathway of climate influence for all analysed agents except insects.Furthermore, 25.0% of the analysed observations reported indirect effects of climate change on disturbances. Climate-mediated changes in forest structure and composition were particularly relevant in the context of wind disturbance. Also interactions between disturbance agents are well documented in the analysed literature (17.9% of the overall observations).The large majority of the recorded interaction effects were positive or predominately positive (71.0%), indicating an amplification of disturbance as a result of the interaction between agents. 

i use the opacity a lot and just moving them around the page. I also used dissolve